Combination lock



Get. 21, 1969 J. GERARD 3,473,353

COMBINATION LOCK Filed DEC. 26, 1967 7 SheeS-Sheef, l

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COMBINATION LOCK Filed D90. 26, 1967 7 Sheets-Sheet At Jean GEPAHDInventor Oct. 21, 1969 .1. GERARD COMBINATION LOCK 7 Sheets-Sheet 5Filed Dec, 26, 1967 l l l Jean GERARD Inventor gear] RSS Attorney Oct.21, 1969 J. GERARD 3,473,353

COMBINATION LOCK Filed Dec. 26. 1967 7 Sheets-Shee Oct. 21, 1969 J.GERARD COMBINATION LOCK '7 Sheets-Sheet Filed Dec. 26, 196'? 3,473,353CUMBINATION LOCK Jean Gerard, Neuilly-sur-Seine, France, assigner toFichet-Bauche, A Societe Anonyme, Suresnes,

France Filed Dec. 26, 1967, Ser. No. 693,508 Claims priority,application France, Dec. 27, 1966,

88, Int. Cl. E!) 37/02 lU.S. Cl. 70--305 14 Claims ABSTRACT 0F THEDISCLOSUM The invention has for an object a combination lock.

It is an object of the invention to provide a combination lock whichenables a considerable number of combinations to be obtained by means ofmultiple counters, but maintaining an extremely simple control.

It is also an object of the invention to provide a combination lockwhich can be operated by means of a single control device, although itcomprises a plurality of counters, and which enables as manycombinations to be obtained as multiple control locks, if not more.

It is also an object of the invention to provide a combination lock inwhich control is eected by a single bushing of the wall with which thevlock is equipped, hence without weakening said wall.

It is also an object of the invention to provide a combination lockwhich ensures, in spite of a single control device, independence betweenthe control of the counters and that of the opening or of the closing ofthe lock.

It is, in this respect, an object of the invention to provide acombination lock in which the independence of the control of thecounters and of that of the opening and of the closing is ensured aseffectively as in locks with multiple control members.

It is a further object of the invention to provide such a lock in which,moreover, the counters are, at the beginning of the opening movement ofthe bolt, automatically reset to zero.

It is also an object of the invention to provide a combination lock inwhich the closing of the bolt automatically causes the resetting of thecounters to zero, at least for those which have not been reset to zeroat the moment of opening of the bolt.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide such a lock inwhich the resetting to zero of the counters does not need to beseparately controlled manually.

t is also an object of the invention to provide a combination lock forwhich the realization of the combination can be ensured Without the userhaving to read iigures or letters, thus enabling operation in darkness.

T he combination lock according to the invention, especially applicableto a safe door or the like and in which the opening of the bolt can onlybe effected if each counter of a plurality of combination counters ispreviously Ibrought into a predetermined angular position, ischaracterised in that the operation of each counter of the plurality ofcounters is etected from a single actuating member, made operational, atwill, on one or any other of the counters.

nted States Patent O 3,473,353 Patented Oct. 21, 1969 rice According toanother characteristic of the invention, the actuating member is rotaryknob driving a transmission which comprises a mechanism mounted torotate and to slide, subject to the action of elastic means exertedlongitudinally which urge it towards an operational position, in whichsaid mechanism is adapted to enable the actuation of the counter of theplurality of counters which corresponds to the angular position intowhich the said mechanism has been brought in a previous actuation by arotation controlled by an annular knob concentric With the actuatingknob.

According to yet another characteristic of the invention, for apredetermined single angular position and by means of a control similarto that which has enabled the manipulation of the counters, the openingor the closing of the bolt is effected.

The transmission members between the control device of the counters onone hand, and of the bolt on the other hand, are therefore common forthe two types of control.

The invention will be more fully understood by the description whichfollows, given by way of example with reference to the accompanyingdrawings, in which:

FIGURE 1 is a rear elevational view of a housing for a combination lockaccording to the invention;

FIGURE 2 is a View in cross-section along line 2--2 of FIGURE l;

FIGURE 3 is a rear view of a cover or lid for the housing;

FIGURE 4 is a rear View of a combination ring of a lock according to theinvention;

FIGURE 5 is a side view, with partial cutaway, of Said ring;

FIGURE 6 is a sectional view along line 6--6 of FIGURE 4;

FIGURE 7 is a front View of said ring;

FIGURE 8 is a back view of another combination ring of a lock accordingto the invention;

FIGURE 9 is a sectional view along line 9 9 of FIGURE 8;

FIGURE 10 is a view in elevation of a combination catch;

FIGURE 11 is a side view;

FIGURE l2 is a side view, but through another face of the lock;

FIGURE 13 is a view of a positioning catch;

FIGURE 20 is a View of the to-and-fro blocking member;

FIGURE 21 is a view of the to-and-fro Word-changing member;

FIGURE 22 is a view of a positioning plate;

FIGURE 23 is a rear view of the positioning catch of the control pinion;

FIGURE 24 is a corresponding side View;

FIGURE 25 is a view of the word-change knob;

FIGURE 26 is a corresponding front view in elevation;

FIGURE 27 is a perspective View of a control tube;

FIGURE 28 is a general View of the rear of a combination lock accordingto the invention, the cover being removed and certain parts having beenomitted for the purpose of clarity;

FIGURE 29 is a general rear View of a combination lock according to theinvention, lthe cover being removed;

FIGURE 30 is a cross-sectional view along line 30h30 of FIGURE 29;

FIGURE 31 is a cross-sectional view along line 31-31 of FIGURE 29,showing, furthermore, the actuating device; and

FIGURE 32 is a cross-sectional view of the actuating device along line32-32 of FIGURE 31.

The housing 1 of the combination lock according to the invention, is ofgenerally parallelepipedic form. It comprises a rectangular casing 2(FIGURES 1 and 2), for example square, with a bottom or front Wall 3 andside faces 4, 5, 6, 7. To the bottom 3 is rigidly xed a short tube orboss 8, dening a central passage 9, with an axis (FIG. 2). The bottom 3has holes 11 whose centers are equidistant from the axis 10 and whichare angularly distributed in a regular manner about axis 10, i.e.angularly equispaced therearound, these holes being eight in number inthe example shown, and designated 110, 111, 112, etc. 117. In the regionof each of the holes 111-117, small pins 25 are provided. On the frontwall 3 are set up, near the corners of the square, pillars or posts 12,13, 14, 15. These pillars have internal tappings 16 with which screws 17provided for fixing the cover of the housing 1, or lid 30, on the casing2, are adapted to co-operate. On two pillars, the upper pillars I2 and13 in the drawing, are provided slide paths 18, 19 and 20, 21",respectively` The front wall 3 has, furthermore, around the tube S,projections in the form of sectors, of the same number as that of theholes 11, and which are designated as 211, 212, etc. 212; saidprojections leave between them radial passages 220, 221, etc. 227,aligned respectively with the centers of holes 11. The sectors 21 ofeven pairs (or, optionally the sectors of odd pairs) each have a hole23, said holes forming the corners of a rectangle. Suitable means (notshown) are provided yfor fixing the casing 2 through its bottom 3 on therear face of the strong wall, for example, the door of a safe.

The casing 2 is closa'ble by a cover or lid 30 (FIGURE 3) having nearthe corners holes 31, 32, 33, 34 for the fixing on the casing by meansof screws 17 co-operating with threadings 16, as well as holes 311, 352,353, etc. 357, of the same arrangement as holes 111, 112, etc. 117, andof the same diameter with the exception of a semi-circular notch 36, thevarious semi-circular notches being located at a same end of paralleldiameters of the holes, for example, of horizontal diameters, on theright-hand side in FIGURE 3. A hole 351, co-axial with the hole 110 isof smaller diameter than the latter and is not provided with a notch.The cover 30 has also a circular hole 37 the center of which is alignedwith the center of holes 322 and 356, as well as a rectangular opening38, the large axis of which passes through the centers of holes 37, 352and 356 and which opens into a circular hole 26 of a diameter greaterthan that of the circular hole 37. The cover 30 has also, symmetricallywith respect to the line of the centers of holes 352 and 356, therectangular openings 39 and 40. A tongue 41, obtained by folding towardsthe interior of the case, borders the side 42 of the opening 40, and atongue 43, also folded towards the interior, borders the side 44 of theopening 39.

In each of the holes 111-117 of the bottom 3 of the case is located, byits collar 51, a :front combination ring 52 (FIGURES 4 to 7), in thegeneral shape of a disc with several diameters, which comprises anintermediate collar 53, and a cup 54 of which a little more than halfthe outer lateral surface has a denture 55 (FIGURE 7). The posteriorfrontal face 56 has a denture (toothed ring) 56 the teeth of whichextend the teeth of the denture 55 and which runs over the wholecircumference. The anterior face 57 of the cup has a stop projection 58adapted to co-operate With a pin 25 associated with the hole 11 in whichthe ring is located and of which the height is equal to that of theintermediate collar 53. A central bore 59 extends through the ring 52.

Co-axially with each of the anterior combination rings is rotatablymounted, by its hub 60 engaged in the central bore 59 of the ring 52, aposterior combination ring 61 (FIGURES 8 and 9) having a centralcylindrical collar 62 to which are adjacent on the posterior side. threecylindrical collars of smaller diameter 63, 64 and "65. An anteriorcollar 66, adjacent the central collar 62, bounds a shoulder 67 which,when the posterior combina tion ring 61 is introduced by its hub 60 intothe bore 59 of the ring 52, cornes into abutting co-operation with theface 56 of this latter. In each ring 61 is formed a slot 68 ofrectangular section extending parallel to the axis of the ring andhaving parallel opposite faces 69 and 70. A diametric cylindrical bore71, is formed in the body of the ring 61 and opens on the bottom 72 ofthe slot 68, its diameter being appreciably equal to the width of theslot, that is to say equal to the distance separating the oppositeparallel faces 69 and 70.

Each bore 71 receives the body 73 of a combination catch 72 (FIGURES10-12) terminating in a shank 74 around which is located a small spiralspring 75 (FIG- URE 31) seated in the cylindrical bore 71 and beingsupported on the bottom of the latter. The head 76 of the catch,directed perpendicularly to the axis of the body, on each side of thislatter, has, at one end, a triangular tooth 77 and at the other end asupport face 78, rounded and appreciably perpendicular to the axis ofthe body. When the combination catch 72 is only subjected to the actionof the spring 75 which is associated with it, the lateral face 78extends the collar 63 of the combination ring 61 in which the catch isintroduced, and this due to the introduction of the triangular tooth 77of said catch into an interdental interval of the denture 56 of theanterior combination ring 52; the lateral face of the head '76 extendsthe collar 62 of ring 61 and the crest of the prismatic part or tooth 77projects slightly with respect to the collar 66 of which the diameter isappreciably equal to the internal diameter of the cup 54 of ring 52.

On each anterior combination ring 52 is attached a spring 80 (FIGURE 31)working in torsion, fixed at one of its ends to the projection 58 ofsaid ring and by its other end to the pin 25 provided on the bottom 3 ofthe case and neighbouring the hole 11 in which said ring is located; thespring 80 tends, When the rings 52 and 61 are not rigidly fixedrotationally by the catch 72, to make the ring 52 turn with respect tothe ring `61. On the other hand, when the rings 52 and 61 are rigidlyfixed rotationally by the catch 72, the spring 80 tends to make turn theassembly constituted by the two rings when a positioning catch 90, whichwill now be described, does not immobilize the ring 52 as regardsrotation.

With the denture 55 of each ring 52, co-operates a positioning catch(FIGURES 13 and 14) located in a radial passage 22 arranged in thebottom 3 of the casing 2. The catch 90 has a body 91 having a projection93 with a rounded edge 94 on its part in contact with the bottom 3; atthe end of the body 91, a beak 92 is adapted to cooperate with thedenture 55 of ring 52. A housing 95 is provided in the body of the catch90 to receive a spiral spring 96 (FIGURES 28 and 31) of which one end issupported on the bottom of the housing 95 and the other end on the tube8 of the bottom 3 of the casing 2.

The maintenance of the catches 90 in the radial passages 22 is ensuredby the placing in position of a positioning disc 100 (FIGURES 15 and 16)in the form of a flat disc, which has sectoral platforms 1011, 1012,etc. 1018, Superposable on the sectoral platforms 211 218 of the bottom3 of the casing 2, of greater radial dimension than these latter andwhich form between them radial channels 1032, 1031, etc. 1037 receivingthe catches 90 and their associated springs 96. For the positioning ofthe part 100 certain of the sectoral platforms 101 carry on theiranterior faces projecting studs 104, four in number in the embodimentshown, which are introduced into holes 23 provided on the sectoralplatforms 21 of the bottom 3 of the casing. The posterior face 105 ofthe positioning disc is planar and has bosses 106, eight in numberregularly arranged angularly around the axis of the disc.

Around the cylindrical surface constituted by the succession of externalsurfaces 21' of the sectoral platforms, is mounted rotatably an annulargear or jamming pinion 220 (FIGURE 17) which comprises an externalperipheral denture 221 extending over part of its circumference, namelyover about 135. The internal surface of the annular gear comprises asuccession of rounded projections 222 by which said gear is rotatablymounted on the external face 21 of the sectoral platforms, and roundedgrooves 223, the projections (and therefore the grooves) being eight innumber and regularly distributed from the angular point of view. Theprojections 222 are adapted to co-operate with the rounded edges 94 ofthe positioning catches 90, to shield these latter against the action ofthe spiral springs 96 when the jamming pinion is driven in rotation.

The bolt (FIGURES 28 and 29) comprises a shank 111 constituted by aplate in which are formed a slot 112 which co-operates, for guiding saidplate, with paths 20, 21 of the pillar 15, and a stud hole 113, which,to assist in the guidance of said plate, co-operates with the paths 18and 19 provided on the pillar 12 erected on the bottom 3 of the casing.A cut-out 114, substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal directionof the shank 111, is provided for driving the bolt 110 by a bolt driver120 which will be described below. The head 115 of the bolt is in theform of a parallelepipedic block and projects with respect to thelateral surface 6 of the housing 1, through a conjugate opening providedin the latter.

The bolt drive (FIGURES 18 and 19) is in the form of a disc or ring withseveral diameters and comprises a stud 121 (FIGURE 29), co-operatingwith the cut-out 114, as well as two projections 112 and 123 on itsperiphery staggered angularly by 90 from one another. It is rotatablymounted by its collar 125 in the hole 110 of the bottom 3 of the casing2. Its body 126, of greater diameter than that of the collar 125, andwhich carries a denture 124 over substantially half its periphery, isextended by a collar 127 of smaller diameter than that of the body, saidcollar being extended in its turn by a collar 12S, semi-circular, ofsmaller diameter, and the frontal face of which carries the projections122 and 123 as well as the stud 121. The shaft 129 which is extendedfrom the frontal face of the collar 128, is adapted to co-operate withthe hole 350 of the cover or lid 30 for the rotatable mounting of saidbolt drive.

The projections 122 and 123 of the bolt drive 120 are adapted to actuatea to-and-fro or reciprocation blocking member (FIGURE 20) constituted bya plate of generally rectangular form with cutouts, projections andinternal openings, and which rests on the shoulders `64' formed betweenthe collars 64 and 63 by the combination rings 61 (as shown indash-dotted line in FIGURE 9). The plate is cut out in such manner thatthe to-and-fro member 140 has seven sides or vertical edges 1411, 14121417 from each of which a tooth projects, respectively 1421, 1422 1427,all the teeth being directed on the same side. The to-and-fro member hasan upper rectangular opening 143 and a lower rectangular opening 144with which are adapted to co-operate the tongues 43 and 42,respectively, of the cover 30 for the longitudinal sliding guidance ofsaid to-and-fro member 140. It has in its middle part a window 145 ofgenerally rectangular form, but of which one end edge 146 is curved.Another rectangular window 147 of which one of the sides is constitutedby the edge 1412 having the tooth 1422, is extended by a slot 148 inwhich is Seated a small spiral spring 14S' (FIGURES 29 and 31).

On its upper edge, the to-and-fro member 140 is cut out along a seating149 with two curved parts 150 and 151, of the same radius, for thereception of two conjugate curved parts 152 and 153 respectively of ablocking elbow lever 154 (FIGURE 29). The latter is constituted by astamped out plate and plays the role of a lever one arm 155 of which,having an end stop surface 156, is located with a certain play betweenthe two edges 157 and 15S of the seating 149. The other arm 159 of thelever 154 is provided for receiving the action of a small spiral spring160 located in a cutout 161 of the toand-fro member 140. The end of thearm 155 forms a projection with respect to the edge 162 of theto-and-fro member where the seating opens 149, said edge being extendedby a rounded part 163 (FIGURE 20).

Close to the anterior face of the to-and-fro member 140 there isprovided a to-and-fro member 170 for changing the word or gures of thecombination (FIGURE 2l), also constituted by a plate of generallyrectangular form with cutouts and openings. The word changing toand-fromember rests on the shoulders 63' of the combination rings 61 connectingthe collars 63 and 62. It has sides as shown in 171, transversal to thedirection of displacement of said plate shown diagrammatically by thearrow f, from each of which projects a tooth 172, all the teeth beingdirected towards the same side as the teeth 142; said sides 171 and saidteeth 172 are seven in number, equal to that of the counters. r[heto-andfro member 170 has moreover two rectangular openings 173 and 174superposable on the openings 143 and 144, substantially symmetrical withrespect to the center line X-X of said to-and-fro member, and with whichare adapted to co-operate the tongues 43 and 41 respectively, providedon the lid 30 of the case. The to-and-fro member 170 has also twoopenings 175 and 176 connected by a narrow interval 177 and a stud 178,transversal to the plane of the plate, extends in the connecting zonebetween the slot 177 and the opening 176, serving as a stop for one endof the small spiral spring 148.

On the other side of the strong wall 180 shown diagrammatically indash-dotted lines in FIGURE 31, that is to say on the side on which thecasing is not fixed, the lock is provided with a dial (FIGURE 3l) ofcircular form, bounded by a rim 192. The dial 190 has a bottom 191, onwhich are provided two holes 193 and 194 for fixing the dial on theouter face of the strong wall, for example, of the door the opening andclosing of which must be dependent upon the locking mechanism. Thecentral part of the bottom 191 of the dial has a shoulder 195 helping tohold a spiral spring 196, located in a circular groove 200 which has apositioning knob 201 in the form of a cup. The latter is received in theinterior of the housing formed by the rim 192 and it is pierced axiallyby a hole 202 which has a flat 203. The rim 204 of the cup-shaped knobdeiines a seating 205; it is traversed by a radial bore 206.

In the seating 205 is placed the body 210 of a counter knob 211 with amilled outer surface 212; a radial bore 213 of the said body 210 isaligned, on mounting, with the bore 206. The knob 211 is rigidlyattached to a shaft 320 through a threaded pressure (not shown), locatedin bore 213 of which the head has aslot for engagement with ascrew-driver, and which does not project into the bore 206, enablingthus independent rotation of the knob 211, and of the knob 201. Theshaft 320 extends into a bore 214 of the counter knob 211, through itsend 321, and the said shaft 320 is, in its part outside the knob 211,surrounded by a tube 322 at the anterior end of which is formed a flat323, the other end having two flats 224 and 225 (FIGURE 27)diametrically opposed. The tube 322 is rigidly xed to the positioningknob 201, by the co-operation of its llat 323 with the conjugate flat203 formed on said knob, as is clearly seen in FIGURE 32.

At its end with two ats 224 and 225, protruding in casing 2, the tube322 carries a positioning plate 230 (FIGURE 22), of generallyrectangular form with two long rectilinear sides 231 and 232, the twoother sides,

233 and 234 being circular. The plate 230 has a central aperture 235 theform of which is conjugated of that of the end with two ats of the tube322, with two rectilinear edges 236 and 237 and two curved edges 238 and239. It has, also, directed along a diameter perpendicular to the sides236 and 237, a rectangular opening 240 and circular holes 241 and 341.Circular holes 342, placed at the corners of a rectangle, are providedto co-operate with the bosses 106 of the positioning plate 100.

Between said plate 230 and a posterior displacement plate 250 (FIGURE30) rigidly iixed with plate 230, is placed an annular control gear 255having a peripheral denture 256 extending over its whole circumference.The gear 255 is engaged, by a central orice 257 it presents, on theshaft 320 with which it is rigidly xed in rotation, for example, byco-operation of grooves and channels.

The hole 241 of plate 230 receives the end 260 of a shaft of anintermediate tooth gear, 262, thus rotatably mounted between the plate230 and the plate 250 and of which the denture 263 is in engagement withthe denture 256 of the control gear 255, on one hand, and is, on theother hand, adapted to co-operate with the denture 55 of a combinationring 52 when the control mechanism of the combination lock is broughtinto the position of actuating one of the counters.

A positioning catch of the control gear, 270 (FIG- URES 23 and 24),comprises a U-shaped body 271 with two branches 272 and 273, theconnecting part 274 being extended by a prismatic head 275. Saidpositioning catch 270 is placed between the plate 230 and the plate 250,the prismatic head 275 being located in the rectangular opening 240arranged in the plate 230. It is subject to the action of a spring 280which is supported by a guide foot of the catch 281 mounted in the hole341 of the plate 230 and the diameter of which is substantially equal tothe distance of arms 272 and 273 of the catch for the longitudinalguidance of the latter. The guide foot of the catch 281 has, at its endwhich is not xed in the plate 230, a rounded head 282 which is adaptedto prevent the extraction of the catch during operation.

On the upper displacement plate 250 is xed, in the central hole 300 ofsaid plate, a to-and-fro positioning foot, 301, in the form of a camwith a cylindrical surface 303 and a at 304 (FIGURES 29 and 30). Thispositioning foot is engaged in the rectangular apertures 145 and V175 ofthe blocking and word changing to-and-fro members 140 and 170,respectively.

In the hole 37 of the cover is rotatably mounted, by its collar 290, aWord changing knob 291 (FIGURES 25 and 26) having at one end a head 292with a slot 293 for engagement by a screwdriver, and at the other end acam 29 in the form of a disc, with a circular part 295 and a flat 296.

The operation is as follows:

For the opening of the lock, the various counters are first brought intotheir position which corresponds to the combination which has beenpre-established and then the opening proper is elected by actuation ofthe bolt.

FORMING OF THE COMBINATION To form the combination, the knob 211 ispressed in by overcoming the force exerted by the spiral spring 196,which displaces longitudinally the whole actuating mechanism constitutedby the knob 211, the knob 201, the shaft 320, the tube 322 and the partsrigidly -xed to said shaft and said tube respectively. By this pressingaction, which causes the displacement of the tube 322, the holes 342 ofthe positioning plate 230, rigidly iixed to said tube, are disengagedwith respect to the pins 106 of the positioning disc 100, so that saidmechanism, which, in the non-depressed state of the knob 211, wasimmobilized with regard to a rotary movement, can be turned about itsaxis. The rotation is eiected by manipulating the knob 201 so as tobring a mark shown by the latter opposite one of the figures of a scalefrom 0 to 7 borne on the front face of the dial 190. When pressure isdiscontinued on the knob 211, the actuating mechanism undergoes asliding motion in the reverse direction, by the action of the spring 196placed under compression, and, at the end of this sliding movement, thedenture 263 of the intermediate gear comes into mesh with the denture 55of the combinatioin ring 52 of the counter corresponding to the numberof the scale. By reason of the angular setting Awhich is ensured for theintermediate gear 262, through the control gear 255 and the catch 270 onone hand, and for the denture 55 of the combination ring 52 through acatch on the other hand, engagement without difliculty is ensured of thedenture 263 of the intermediate pinion and the denture 55 of thecombination ring.

The control knob 211 is then rotated, which causes, through the controlshaft 320, rigidly iixed to the control gear 255 meshing with theintermediate pinion, the rotation of the combination ring 52 of thecounter corresponding to the previously selected number of the scale.

The ring 52 which, in the initial condition, was in position 0, turnsstep vby step by reason of the action of the positioning catch 90 andthe operator can thus count, to bring the counter with which said ringis associated into the position which corresponds to the lfigure or theletter selected for the said counter.

In an alternative operation, the control knob 211 is driven in a reversedirection of rotation. The combination ring 52 is then rotated inreverse direction and, ot' course, the counting will be the complementof the maximum FIGURE 12 for example, that the counter can indicate.

The counting of a rst counter being thus eiected, the operator pressesagain the knob 211 and consequently the knob 201, which disengages theintermediate gear 262 from the denture 55 of the combination ring 52with which it cooperated. The operator then turns the knob 201 so as tobring the mark borne by the latter in front of the scale correspondingto another counter which is not necessarily that which follows angularlythe counter already actuated. He then releases his pressure and, in asimilar manner to that which has been explained, the denture of theintermediate gear 262 engages with the denture of the combination ring52 of this second counter. By the rotation of the control knob 211, thesecond counter is brought into the required position by counting.

And so on for all the counters.

When for a counter there has been counted the number which correspondsto the combination (or its complement) the notch 68 of the ring 61 ofthe said counter, rigidly xed in rotation with the combination ring 52'by co-operation of the catch 72 with the denture 56 of said ring, takesthe position shown in FIGURE 28, that is to say that in which the notchhas its surfaces 69, 70, parallel to the surfaces 5, 7 of the casing 2,the opening of the notch being opposite the wall 6 of the casing. Whenall the counters have been actuated, all the notches of the rings 61 ofthe counters are in the same position, which is that shown in saidfigure.

During the actuation of the counters, at any moment neither the teeth142 of the to-and-fro blocking member 140, nor the teeth 172 of theto-and-fro member for changing the word 170, are in contact with theopposite collars, 62 and 63 respectively, of the combination rings 61.This is due to the fact that the to-and-fro blocking member is urgedaway from the rings by the action of the positioning foot 301 thecylindrical surface 303 or' which co-operates with the edge 145'bounding the rectangular opening 145, the to-and-fro word changingmember being urged away from the rings by the action of the spring 148located in the groove 148 provided on the to-and-fro member 140. Thesaid to-and-fro members are thus in their light end positions (in theligures) for which the stop surfaces 156 of the blocking lever 154 isfacing the projection 122 of the bolt driver 120. The

latter is, therefore, immobilized and it is impossible to make it turn.

OPENING OF THE BOLT When all the counters have been brought into theirposition corresponding to the combination of the lock, the positioningknob 201 is again pressed in and turned so that its mark comes oppositethe zero graduation on the front face of the dial 190. The to-and-fropositioning foot 301 rigidly fixed to the plate 250, itself rigidlyiixed to the tube 322 driven in rotation by the knob 201, has then itsfiat 304 opposite the rectilinear edge 145 of the opening 145 formed inthe to-and-fro blocking member 140. When the knob 201 is released thedenture of the intermediate pinion 262 comes into engagement with thedenture of the bolt driver 120. The to-and-fro member 140 held untilthen in its right end position by reason of the action of the spring14S' on one hand, and on the other hand, by reason of the co-operationof the edge 145 of its opening 145 with the cylindrical surface 303 ofthe to-and-fro positioning foot 301, is displaced from the right towardsthe left (in FIGURE 29) until the rectilinear edge 145 comes intocontact with the iiat 304. Its teeth 142 penetrate into the notches 68of the combination ring 61 which then face the teeth. In the course ofthe movement of the to-and-fro member 140- the stop surface 156 of themember 154 moves in front of the projection 122 of the bolt driver 120(FIGURE 29). The latter, which was immobilized by the member 154cooperating with the projection 122, can then turn.

When the operator turns the actuating knob 211, he rotates the boltdriver 120 by means of the control gear 255 and of the intermediate gear262 the teeth of which then co-operate with the teeth 124 of saiddriver. The latter turns around its axis and the pin 121, co-operatingwith the notch 114, displaces the bolt 110 in the direction of the arrowj" (FIGURE 29), eiecting the opening. As soon as the projection 122 ofthe bolt driving device has cleared the plane of the front stop surfaceof the lever 154, the other projection 123 co-operates With the curvededge 163 of the to-and-fro blocking member, which brings back the lattertowards the right, against the action of the spring 148. The spring 160enables the lever 154 to follow the circular contour of the stop 122 inthe course of this movement. After a quarter of a turn of the bolt drive120, the bolt is brought into its opening position. The projection 123holds the to-and-fro blocking member by co-operation with the curvededge 163 of the latter. Projection 122 has taken the position which wasinitially occupied by the projection 123.

From the beginning of the rotation of the bolt driver 120, the latterhas, -by engagement of the anterior part of its denture 124 with thedenture 221 of the pinion 220, driven the latter in rotation. Although,in the initial condition the head or projection 93 of a catch 90co-operates with a hollow 223 of the blocking pinion, thus renderingoperative, under the action of spring 96, the beaks 92 for Xing theposition of the combination rings 52, the placing in rotation of theblocking pinion 220 causes the support surfaces 94 of said catches toco-operate with the projecting parts 222, which drive back the catchesagainst the action of their respective springs 96 and cause their headsto escape the dentures 55 of the combination rings 52. Said combinationrings v52, not held by their associated catches 90, return to theirinitial condition, that is to say, that in which the stops 58 which theyhave on their anterior faces are in contact with the pins 25 provided onthe bottom of the casing, under the action of the springs 80 placedunder tension during the counting.

Return to the initial condition of the combination rings 52 is renderedpossible by the -fact that the teeth 142 of the to-and-fro blockingmember 140 have been extracted from the notches 68 during the recoilmovement towards the right of said to-and-fro member by co-operation ofthe projection 123 of the bolt driver 120 with the curved edge 163 ofthe to-and-fro blocking member 140. From the iirst movement of openingof the bolt, therefore, the combination of the counters is destroyed.

When it is desired to close the lock, it is suicient to turn the controlknob 211 in reverse direction. The bolt drive ring is driven in rotationin reverse direction, and the pin 121 brings back the bolt 110 towardsitS closing position. At the end of the movement, the prO- jection 122pushes aside the lever 154, by its action against the arm of the lattertaking advantage of the resiliency of spring 160. When the bolt drive120 assumes again its initial position, shown in FIGURE 29, lever 154comes back into its blocking position, under the action of spring 160,its stop face 156 being again opposed to any movement of the bolt drivein the opening direction.

CHANGE OF COMBINATION The change of combination is carried out when thedoor of the lock according to the invention is opened. The cover 30 isthen visible, as well as the word changing knob 291 of which the head292 projects with respect to the cover. Each of the counters is rstbrought into its position corresponding to the old combination. Ascrew-driver is then introduced into the slot 293 of the head 292 andthe latter is turned in the direction marked by the arrow p in FIGURE2,6. The rotation of head 292 displaces, by the action of the cam 296 ofdisc 294, the to-and-fro word changing member from the right towards theleft against the action of the spring 148 located in the gap 148 of theto-and-fro blocking member 140. The teeth 172 of this to-and-fro memberco-operate then with the surfaces 7S of the catches 72, driving backsaid catches to the interior of rings 61 against the action of thespiral springs 75, which has the effect of unlocking, one with respectto the other -as regards an angular movement, the two combination rings52 and 61. By means of the control knob, the ring 52 can then be made toturn to bring it into a position corresponding to the new figure or thenew letter selected for the counter.

When all the counters have been adjusted, the word changing knob isrestored to its usual position.

I claim:

1. A combination lock intended to equip a door of a safe, strong room orthe like, comprising a support, a plurality of combination counters incircular alignment mounted for rotation on said support, a lockingelement movably mounted with respect to said support, a mechanism fordisplacing said element mounted on said support on the same alignment assaid counters, an actuating device mounted -for rotation about the axisof said alignment to be rendered operational on one or another of saidcounters and on said mechanism, and a cut-out plate or to-and-froblocking member movable parallel to said support and co-operatingprojections and recesses with said counters so as to be able to passfrom a locking position to an unlocking position only when said countershave been brought into a predetermined angular position.

2. A lock as dened in claim 1 wherein said support is a base platemounted on said door, said locking element is a bolt slidingly movableon said plate, and said mechanism is a bolt-driving mechanism.

3. A lock as defined in claim 2, further comprising an angle levermounted pivotally on said to-and-fro blocking member, a stud on saidbolt-driving mechanism, resilient means for applying in abutting contactsaid angle lever against said stud, the displacement of the to-and-froblocking member into said locking position bringing the angle lever outof contact with said stud.

4. A lock as defined in claim 2 wherein said projections are teethformed on the to-and-fro blocking member and said recesses are slotsformed in said combination counters.

5. A lock as defined in claim 2 wherein the to-and-fro blocking member`is Afurther provided with an opening in which is located a cam rigidlyfixed to said actuating device, said cam assisting in holding saidto-and-fro blocking member in said locking position as long as theactuating device is not rendered operational for controlling thebolt-driving mechanism.

6. A lock as defined in claim 2 wherein the bolt-driving mechanismcomprises a pin adapted to co-operate with the to-and-fro blockingmember to bring the latter into said locking position after thebolt-driving mechanism is manipulated.

7. A lock as defined in claim 2 wherein each of said combinationcounters comprises two rings capable of turning one with respect to theother, the respective angular positions of the two rings of one counterdefining the figure or the letter of the combination of said counter.

8. A lock as defined in claim 2 wherein each of said counters comprises:a front ring, a rear ring, a slot in said rear ring, a denture in saidfront ring and a positioning catch for the counter which co-operateswith said denture.

9. A lock as defined in claim 2 wherein each of said combinationcounters comprises: a front ring, a rear ring, a slot formed in saidrear ring and a combination catch subject to the action of resilientmeans, seated in a bore opening into said slot, to tix rigidly withrespect to one another said front ring and said rear ring.

10. A lock as defined in claim 2 wherein each of said counters issubject to the action of resilient means placed under tension on themanipulation which brings said counter into said predetermined angularposition.

11. A lock as defined in claim 2 wherein each of said counters comprise:a front ring, a denture in said ring, a positioning catch for saidcounter which co-operates with said denture, resilient means associatedwith each counter placed under tension on the manipulation which bringssaid counter into said predetermined position and an annular pinion inengagement with a denture of the boltdriving mechanism for the controlof the withdrawal of the positioning catches governing the return ofeach counter to its initial position under the action of said resilientmeans.

12. A lock as defined in claim 12 wherein each of said counterscomprises: a front ring, a rear ring, a combination catch subject to theaction of resilient means to n'x rigidly with respect to one anothersaid front ring and said rear ring and means for withdrawing saidcombination catch to modify the relative position of the two rings or" asame counter for changing the combination.

13. A lock as defined in claim 2 wherein each of said combinationcounters comprises: a front ring, a rear ring, a combination catchsubject to the action of resilent means to fix rigidly with respect toone another said front ring and said rear ring and a cut-out platepresenting teeth or to-and-fro word-changing member mounted fortranslation parallel to said base plate between a first resting position-and a second position in which said teeth simultaneously shield thecombination catches of all the counters for changing the combination ofthe lock.

14. A lock as defined in claim 2 wherein each of said combinationcounters comprises: a front ring, a rear ring, a combination catchsubject to the action of resilient means to fix rigidly with respect toone another said front ring and said rear ring, and a plane cut-outplate presenting teeth or to-and-fro word-changing member mounted fortranslation parallel to said base plate between a first resting positionand a second position in which said teeth simultaneously shield thecombination catches of all the counters for changing the combination ofthe lock and a cam means controllable by a knob projecting on the erarplate of the lock to bring said to-and-fro word-changing member fromsaid first position into said second posltion thereof.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 125,475 4/ 1872 Mofet 70-2992,083,782 6/ 1937 Grubb 70-299 FOREIGN PATENTS 620,497 1/ 1927 France.735,479 8/1932 France.

MARVIN A. CHAMPION, Primary Examiner R. L. WOLFE, Assistant ExaminerU.S. Cl. X.R. 70-3`10, 317

